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MPAA Sues Additional DVD Copying Software Makers
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posted by md
on Thursday September 18, @05:00AM
from the dept.
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The Motion Picture Association of America has filed suit against several software publishers who make products that allow users to copy their DVDs using a personal computer. If this sounds familiar, you are probably thinking of the MPAA's current law suit against 321 Studios, which also makes a DVD-copying product -- that suit is awaiting judgement which should come very soon. The crux of all such law suits is the Digital Millenium Copyright Act provision which prohibits the circumvention of any measure used to protect copyrights -- even the rudimentary and long-compromised "CSS" system used in DVDs.
The new defendants, Tritton, QOJ, World Reach, and Proto Ventures, are likely to rely on arguments similar to those 321 Studios has advanced -- namely, that their products enable fair use and therefore are constitutionally protected or, at least, were not intended to be prohibited by the drafters of the DMCA
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MPAA Sues Additional DVD Copying Software Makers
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The crux of all such law suits is the Digital Millenium Copyright Act provision which prohibits the circumvention of any measure used to protect copyrights...
This is interesting because according to the Department
of Justice's own copyright lawyers [slashdot.org], the DMCA prohibits the use and trafficking of devices that circumvent access controls, not devices that circumvent copy controls. Evidently, copying is still fair use. Copy controls can be circumvented to make your legal backup copy.
Here is the quote that I am referring to (Question 3 in the interview -- linked above):
However, your question seems more focused on the DMCA, specifically the portions of the DMCA that govern anti-circumvention technologies, i.e. Section 1201 of Title 18. For purposes of answering this question, the term DMCA refers specifically to Section 1201.
The DMCA prohibits trafficking (which includes manufacture, sale, distribution, importation, etc.) in tools (i.e., technologies, products, services, devices, etc.) that:
(a) are primarily designed to circumvent,
(b) are primarily marketed for use in circumventing, or
(c) have limited commercially significant purpose or use other than circumventing,
either one of the following:
(1) a technological measure that effectively controls access to a work protected under this title [i.e., the Copyright Act] (see 18 U.S.C. Section) 1201(a)(2); or
(2) a technological measure that effectively protects a right of a copyright holder under this title (see Section 1201(b(1)).
The first type of control above will be referred to as an access control, the second as a copy control. In addition to the restrictions on trafficking, the DMCA also prohibits actual circumvention of access controls (see Sec. 1201(a)).
The DMCA s main purpose is to help protect the rights of copyright holders. However, the DMCA was also designed in part to protect and preserve the rights of people who use copyrighted works. First, the DMCA expressly states that it is not intended to affect limitations on copyright or defenses to infringement such as fair use. Second, the DMCA contains a number of exceptions and exemptions that, for example, allow in some circumstances reverse engineering, encryption research, and certain actions by libraries and certain educational institutions. Third, while the DMCA prohibits the actual circumvention of access controls, it does not prohibit the actual circumvention of copy controls. As the district court in the Elcom case noted, Congress omitted a prohibition against circumventing copy controls specifically so that users could engage in fair use (and, presumably, to use works that enter the public domain). (See U.S. v. Elcom, Ltd., 203 F.Supp.2d 1111, 1020 (N.D.Cal. 2002)).
[emphasis mine]
So, it appears that the MPAA is full to the brim with the rich taste of BS again.
It is interesting that we have a copyright law where copying is not prohibited but access is. It seems that current copyright law is the precise opposite of what the Framers of the Constitution had in mind.
"Anyone who doesn't quote me is paraphrasing."
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This is an interesting point and one I had not encountered before. Yet, I am left thinking that the difference between "access" and "copying" is illusory at best.
Let's take the DVD example. Is CSS an access control or a copying control? I believe that CSS was intended both to prevent access to the digital MP2 files as well as the ability to copy/distribute/etc. said files.
The distinction that the DOJ attorneys make is simply that two different phrases are used. So what. I guess I need to see examples of DRM that would be one and not the other, because I feel that they would all be both. Thus, using either will make you a violator of the DMCA, despite the DOJ's position that there is some sort of hole here.
MD
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CSS is an access control. It certainly does not prevent copying.
One of the pushes that the MPAA and the RIAA are advocating is altering (crippling) a DVD RW or a CDRW to that its low level functions can not be accessed by the computer. This means moving DRM to the device itself which is not the case in most devices shipped today.
The simple fact is that a binary copy (duplicate) can be made without the need of decrypting the CD (DVD).
I wrote a program that did this years ago (circa 1990) for hard drives that allowed me do duplicate a computers hard drive without actually accessing (or reading) any information on the drive.
It was a simple binary copy starting with track 0 head 0 sector 1, and do a bit by bit transfer from one device to another.
The true pirate industry is duplicating CD's by making a mold from a legitimate product and then pressing the CD, similar to how LP's were manufactured. The original CD is never actually read by a machine and the duplicates have the same copy protection built in as the original.
What the RIAA has been unhappy about is that their are copy programs (one free on the internet from Germany) that will duplicate any CD if the CDRW will operate in raw sockit mode (does not have to mount or actually read the CD). Most CDRW's will do this, some will not.
Tom
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by
Anonymous Coward
on Saturday September 20, @07:08AM (#1285)
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One of the pushes that the MPAA and the RIAA are advocating is altering (crippling) a DVD RW or a CDRW to that its low level functions can not be accessed by the computer. This means moving DRM to the device itself which is not the case in most devices shipped today.
The simple fact is that a binary copy (duplicate) can be made without the need of decrypting the CD (DVD).
Only professional devices can make binary copies of css encoded video dvd's. IIRC, the consumer level dvd+/-r(w)'s don't allow you to write to the area where the css keys would need to be written to. I don't see what good adding DRM to the drives would be (and I don't understand what you mean about low-level functions. If you mean that the drives would do something special to dvd-video only, that would require an astonishingly complicated redesign of the way the drives work.
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Humanity has the stars in its future, and that future is too important to be
lost under the burden of juvenile folly and ignorant superstition.
- Isaac Asimov
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